United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Report 2019

Table of Contents

United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Report2019
1 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide
1.2 Classification of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide by Product Category
1.2.1 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Size (Sales Volume) Comparison by Type (2014-2024)
1.2.2 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Size (Sales Volume) Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2018
1.2.3 Green SiC
1.2.4 Black SiC
1.3 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market by Application/End Users
1.3.1 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Size (Consumption) and Market Share Comparison by Application (2014-2024)
1.3.2 Metallurgical Industry
1.3.3 Abrasive Industry
1.3.4 Ceramic Industry
1.3.5 Electronics Industry
1.4 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market by Region
1.4.1 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Size (Value) Comparison by Region (2014-2024)
1.4.2 The West Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Status and Prospect (2014-2024)
1.4.3 Southwest Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Status and Prospect (2014-2024)
1.4.4 The Middle Atlantic Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Status and Prospect (2014-2024)
1.4.5 New England Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Status and Prospect (2014-2024)
1.4.6 The South Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Status and Prospect (2014-2024)
1.4.7 The Midwest Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Status and Prospect (2014-2024)
1.5 United States Market Size (Value and Volume) of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide (2014-2024)
1.5.1 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales and Growth Rate (2014-2024)
1.5.2 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue and Growth Rate (2014-2024)

2 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Competition by Players/Suppliers
2.1 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales and Market Share of Key Players/Suppliers (2014-2019)
2.2 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue and Share by Players/Suppliers (2014-2019)
2.3 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Average Price by Players/Suppliers (2014-2019)
2.4 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.4.1 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Concentration Rate
2.4.2 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Players/Suppliers
2.4.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion in United States Market
2.5 United States Players/Suppliers Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type

3 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (Volume) and Revenue (Value) by Region (2014-2019)
3.1 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales and Market Share by Region (2014-2019)
3.2 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue and Market Share by Region (2014-2019)
3.3 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Price by Region (2014-2019)

4 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (Volume) and Revenue (Value) by Type (Product Category) (2014-2019)
4.1 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales and Market Share by Type (Product Category) (2014-2019)
4.2 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue and Market Share by Type (2014-2019)
4.3 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Price by Type (2014-2019)
4.4 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate by Type (2014-2019)

5 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (Volume) by Application (2014-2019)
5.1 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales and Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
5.2 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate by Application (2014-2019)
5.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities

6 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Players/Suppliers Profiles and Sales Data
6.1 Toshiba Corporation
6.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
6.1.2 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Product Category, Application and Specification
6.1.2.1 Product A
6.1.2.2 Product B
6.1.3 Toshiba Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
6.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.2 Fairchild Semiconductor International
6.2.2 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Product Category, Application and Specification
6.2.2.1 Product A
6.2.2.2 Product B
6.2.3 Fairchild Semiconductor International Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
6.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.3 Genesic Semiconductor
6.3.2 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Product Category, Application and Specification
6.3.2.1 Product A
6.3.2.2 Product B
6.3.3 Genesic Semiconductor Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
6.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.4 Infineon Technologies
6.4.2 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Product Category, Application and Specification
6.4.2.1 Product A
6.4.2.2 Product B
6.4.3 Infineon Technologies Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
6.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.5 Microsemi Corporation
6.5.2 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Product Category, Application and Specification
6.5.2.1 Product A
6.5.2.2 Product B
6.5.3 Microsemi Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
6.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.6 Norstel
6.6.2 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Product Category, Application and Specification
6.6.2.1 Product A
6.6.2.2 Product B
6.6.3 Norstel Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
6.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.7 Renesas Electronics Corporation
6.7.2 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Product Category, Application and Specification
6.7.2.1 Product A
6.7.2.2 Product B
6.7.3 Renesas Electronics Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
6.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.8 ROHM
6.8.2 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Product Category, Application and Specification
6.8.2.1 Product A
6.8.2.2 Product B
6.8.3 ROHM Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
6.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.9 Stmicroelectronics
6.9.2 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Product Category, Application and Specification
6.9.2.1 Product A
6.9.2.2 Product B
6.9.3 Stmicroelectronics Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
6.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.10 Saint-Gobain
6.10.2 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Product Category, Application and Specification
6.10.2.1 Product A
6.10.2.2 Product B
6.10.3 Saint-Gobain Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
6.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.11 Ningxia Tianjing
6.12 Lanzhou Heqiao
6.13 Tianzhu Yutong
6.14 Cumi Murugappa
6.15 Elsid
6.16 Washington Mills
6.17 ESD-SIC
6.18 Erdos
6.19 Ningxia Jinjing
6.20 Elmet
6.21 Snam Abrasives
6.22 Navarro
6.23 Pacific Rundum

7 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Manufacturing Cost Analysis
7.1 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Key Raw Materials Analysis
7.1.1 Key Raw Materials
7.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
7.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
7.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
7.2.1 Raw Materials
7.2.2 Labor Cost
7.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide

8 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers
8.1 Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Industrial Chain Analysis
8.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
8.3 Raw Materials Sources of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Major Manufacturers in 2018
8.4 Downstream Buyers

9 Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders
9.1 Marketing Channel
9.1.1 Direct Marketing
9.1.2 Indirect Marketing
9.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
9.2 Market Positioning
9.2.1 Pricing Strategy
9.2.2 Brand Strategy
9.2.3 Target Client
9.3 Distributors/Traders List

10 Market Effect Factors Analysis
10.1 Technology Progress/Risk
10.1.1 Substitutes Threat
10.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
10.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
10.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

11 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Size (Value and Volume) Forecast (2019-2024)
11.1 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume, Revenue Forecast (2019-2024)
11.2 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume Forecast by Type (2019-2024)
11.3 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume Forecast by Application (2019-2024)
11.4 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume Forecast by Region (2019-2024)

12 Research Findings and Conclusion

13 Appendix
13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
13.2.1 Secondary Sources
13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Disclaimer



List of Tables and Figures

Figure Product Picture of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Size (K Units) by Type (2014-2024)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2018
Figure Green SiC Product Picture
Figure Black SiC Product Picture
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Size (K Units) by Application (2014-2024)
Figure United States Sales Market Share of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide by Application in 2018
Figure Metallurgical Industry Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Metallurgical Industry
Figure Abrasive Industry Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Abrasive Industry
Figure Ceramic Industry Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Ceramic Industry
Figure Electronics Industry Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Electronics Industry
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Size (Million USD) by Region (2014-2024)
Figure The West Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2014-2024)
Figure Southwest Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2014-2024)
Figure The Middle Atlantic Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2014-2024)
Figure New England Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2014-2024)
Figure The South of US Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2014-2024)
Figure The Midwest Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2014-2024)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2014-2024)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2014-2024)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Major Players Product Sales Volume (K Units) (2014-2019)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units) of Key Players/Suppliers (2014-2019)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Share by Players/Suppliers (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure 2019 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Major Players Product Revenue (Million USD) (2014-2019)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue (Million USD) by Players/Suppliers (2014-2019)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure 2019 United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers
Table United States Market Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Players/Suppliers (2014-2019)
Figure United States Market Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Players/Suppliers in 2018
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Share of Top 3 Players/Suppliers
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Market Share of Top 5 Players/Suppliers
Table United States Players/Suppliers Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table United States Players/Suppliers Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Product Category
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units) by Region (2014-2019)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Share by Region (2014-2019)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Share by Region (2014-2019)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share by Region in 2018
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Region (2014-2019)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Share by Region (2014-2019)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Market Share by Region (2014-2019)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Market Share by Region in 2018
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Price (USD/Unit) by Region (2014-2019)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units) by Type (2014-2019)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Share by Type (2014-2019)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Share by Type (2014-2019)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share by Type in 2018
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Type (2014-2019)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Share by Type (2014-2019)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide by Type (2014-2019)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide by Type in 2018
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Price (USD/Unit) by Types (2014-2019)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate by Type (2014-2019)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units) by Application (2014-2019)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share by Application in 2018
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate by Application (2014-2019)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate by Application (2014-2019)
Table Toshiba Corporation Basic Information List
Table Toshiba Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Figure Toshiba Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Figure Toshiba Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Figure Toshiba Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Table Fairchild Semiconductor International Basic Information List
Table Fairchild Semiconductor International Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Figure Fairchild Semiconductor International Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Figure Fairchild Semiconductor International Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Figure Fairchild Semiconductor International Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Table Genesic Semiconductor Basic Information List
Table Genesic Semiconductor Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Figure Genesic Semiconductor Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Figure Genesic Semiconductor Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Figure Genesic Semiconductor Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Table Infineon Technologies Basic Information List
Table Infineon Technologies Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Figure Infineon Technologies Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Figure Infineon Technologies Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Figure Infineon Technologies Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Table Microsemi Corporation Basic Information List
Table Microsemi Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Figure Microsemi Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Figure Microsemi Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Figure Microsemi Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Table Norstel Basic Information List
Table Norstel Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Figure Norstel Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Figure Norstel Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Figure Norstel Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Table Renesas Electronics Corporation Basic Information List
Table Renesas Electronics Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Figure Renesas Electronics Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Figure Renesas Electronics Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Figure Renesas Electronics Corporation Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Table ROHM Basic Information List
Table ROHM Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Figure ROHM Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Figure ROHM Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Figure ROHM Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Table Stmicroelectronics Basic Information List
Table Stmicroelectronics Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Figure Stmicroelectronics Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Figure Stmicroelectronics Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Figure Stmicroelectronics Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Table Saint-Gobain Basic Information List
Table Saint-Gobain Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Figure Saint-Gobain Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Figure Saint-Gobain Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Figure Saint-Gobain Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue Market Share in United States (2014-2019)
Table Ningxia Tianjing Basic Information List
Table Lanzhou Heqiao Basic Information List
Table Tianzhu Yutong Basic Information List
Table Cumi Murugappa Basic Information List
Table Elsid Basic Information List
Table Washington Mills Basic Information List
Table ESD-SIC Basic Information List
Table Erdos Basic Information List
Table Ningxia Jinjing Basic Information List
Table Elmet Basic Information List
Table Snam Abrasives Basic Information List
Table Navarro Basic Information List
Table Pacific Rundum Basic Information List
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide
Figure Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Major Players/Suppliers in 2018
Table Major Buyers of Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2024)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2024)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Price (USD/Unit) Trend Forecast (2019-2024)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Type (2019-2024)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Type (2019-2024)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Type in 2024
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Application (2019-2024)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Application (2019-2024)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Application in 2024
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Region (2019-2024)
Table United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region (2019-2024)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region (2019-2024)
Figure United States Heat-Resistant Silicon Carbide Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region in 2024
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources