We have an updated report [Version - 2023] available. Kindly sign up to get the sample of the report.

Stainless Steel Rebar Market Status and Trend Analysis 2017-2026 (COVID-19 Version)

  • Report Code : 559171
  • Industry : Chemicals and Materials
  • Published On : Feb 2021
  • Pages : 133
  • Publisher : 99strategy
  • Format: WMR PPT FormatWMR PDF Format

Summary

Further key aspects of the report indicate that:
Chapter 1: Research Scope: Product Definition, Type, End-Use & Methodology
Chapter 2: Global Industry Summary
Chapter 3: Market Dynamics
Chapter 4: Global Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 5: North America Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 6: Europe Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 7: Asia-Pacific Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 8: South America Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 9: Middle East and Africa Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use.
Chapter 10: Market Competition by Companies
Chapter 11: Market forecast and environment forecast.
Chapter 12: Industry Summary.

The global Stainless Steel Rebar market has the potential to grow with xx million USD with growing CAGR in the forecast period from 2021f to 2026f. Factors driving the market for Stainless Steel Rebar are the significant development of demand and improvement of COVID-19 and geo-economics.

Based on the type of product, the global Stainless Steel Rebar market segmented into
6 MM (Diameter Length)
10 MM (Diameter Length)
12 MM (Diameter Length)
16 MM (Diameter Length)
20 MM (Diameter Length)
25 MM (Diameter Length)
32 MM (Diameter Length)
Others

Based on the end-use, the global Stainless Steel Rebar market classified into
Bridge
Highway
Seawall
Tunnel
Airport
Factory
Concrete Construction
Others

Based on geography, the global Stainless Steel Rebar market segmented into
North America [U.S., Canada, Mexico]
Europe [Germany, UK, France, Italy, Rest of Europe]
Asia-Pacific [China, India, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Australia, Rest of Asia Pacific]
South America [Brazil, Argentina, Rest of Latin America]
Middle East & Africa [GCC, North Africa, South Africa, Rest of Middle East and Africa]

And the major players included in the report are
Outokumpu
Acerinox
Fusteel Group
Stainless
Tell Steel
DAIDO STEEL
Valbruna Nordic
ANCON
Durinox
H-BAU Technik
Post Road Iron Works
Wills Rebar
Preferred Materials

Table of Contents
1 RESEARCH SCOPE
1.1 Research Product Definition
1.2 Research Segmentation
1.2.1 Product Type
1.2.2 Main product Type of Major Players
1.3 Demand Overview
1.4 Research Methodology
2 GLOBAL STAINLESS STEEL REBAR INDUSTRY
2.1 Summary about Stainless Steel Rebar Industry
2.2 Stainless Steel Rebar Market Trends
2.2.1 Stainless Steel Rebar Production & Consumption Trends
2.2.2 Stainless Steel Rebar Demand Structure Trends
2.3 Stainless Steel Rebar Cost & Price
3 MARKET DYNAMICS
3.1 Manufacturing & Purchasing Behavior in 2020
3.2 Market Development under the Impact of COVID-19
3.2.1 Drivers
3.2.2 Restraints
3.2.3 Opportunity
3.2.4 Risk
4 GLOBAL MARKET SEGMENTATION
4.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
4.1.1 North America (U.S., Canada and Mexico)
4.1.2 Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Rest of Europe)
4.1.3 Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Australia, Rest of Asia Pacific)
4.1.4 South America (Brazil,, Argentina, Rest of Latin America)
4.1.5 Middle East and Africa (GCC, North Africa, South Africa, Rest of Middle East and Africa)
4.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
4.2.1 6 MM (Diameter Length)
4.2.2 10 MM (Diameter Length)
4.2.3 12 MM (Diameter Length)
4.2.4 16 MM (Diameter Length)
4.2.5 20 MM (Diameter Length)
4.2.6 25 MM (Diameter Length)
4.2.7 32 MM (Diameter Length)
4.2.8 Others
4.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
4.3.1 Bridge
4.3.2 Highway
4.3.3 Seawall
4.3.4 Tunnel
4.3.5 Airport
4.3.6 Factory
4.3.7 Concrete Construction
4.3.8 Others
5 NORTH AMERICA MARKET SEGMENT
5.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
5.1.1 U.S.
5.1.2 Canada
5.1.3 Mexico
5.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
5.2.1 6 MM (Diameter Length)
5.2.2 10 MM (Diameter Length)
5.2.3 12 MM (Diameter Length)
5.2.4 16 MM (Diameter Length)
5.2.5 20 MM (Diameter Length)
5.2.6 25 MM (Diameter Length)
5.2.7 32 MM (Diameter Length)
5.2.8 Others
5.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
5.3.1 Bridge
5.3.2 Highway
5.3.3 Seawall
5.3.4 Tunnel
5.3.5 Airport
5.3.6 Factory
5.3.7 Concrete Construction
5.3.8 Others
5.4 Impact of COVID-19 in North America
6 EUROPE MARKET SEGMENTATION
6.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
6.1.1 Germany
6.1.2 UK
6.1.3 France
6.1.4 Italy
6.1.5 Rest of Europe
6.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
6.2.1 6 MM (Diameter Length)
6.2.2 10 MM (Diameter Length)
6.2.3 12 MM (Diameter Length)
6.2.4 16 MM (Diameter Length)
6.2.5 20 MM (Diameter Length)
6.2.6 25 MM (Diameter Length)
6.2.7 32 MM (Diameter Length)
6.2.8 Others
6.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
6.3.1 Bridge
6.3.2 Highway
6.3.3 Seawall
6.3.4 Tunnel
6.3.5 Airport
6.3.6 Factory
6.3.7 Concrete Construction
6.3.8 Others
6.4 Impact of COVID-19 in Europe
7 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET SEGMENTATION
7.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
7.1.1 China
7.1.2 India
7.1.3 Japan
7.1.4 South Korea
7.1.5 Southeast Asia
7.1.6 Australia
7.1.7 Rest of Asia Pacific
7.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
7.2.1 6 MM (Diameter Length)
7.2.2 10 MM (Diameter Length)
7.2.3 12 MM (Diameter Length)
7.2.4 16 MM (Diameter Length)
7.2.5 20 MM (Diameter Length)
7.2.6 25 MM (Diameter Length)
7.2.7 32 MM (Diameter Length)
7.2.8 Others
7.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
7.3.1 Bridge
7.3.2 Highway
7.3.3 Seawall
7.3.4 Tunnel
7.3.5 Airport
7.3.6 Factory
7.3.7 Concrete Construction
7.3.8 Others
7.4 Impact of COVID-19 in Europe
8 SOUTH AMERICA MARKET SEGMENTATION
8.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
8.1.1 Brazil
8.1.2 Argentina
8.1.3 Rest of Latin America
8.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
8.2.1 6 MM (Diameter Length)
8.2.2 10 MM (Diameter Length)
8.2.3 12 MM (Diameter Length)
8.2.4 16 MM (Diameter Length)
8.2.5 20 MM (Diameter Length)
8.2.6 25 MM (Diameter Length)
8.2.7 32 MM (Diameter Length)
8.2.8 Others
8.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
8.3.1 Bridge
8.3.2 Highway
8.3.3 Seawall
8.3.4 Tunnel
8.3.5 Airport
8.3.6 Factory
8.3.7 Concrete Construction
8.3.8 Others
8.4 Impact of COVID-19 in Europe
9 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA MARKET SEGMENTATION
9.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
9.1.1 GCC
9.1.2 North Africa
9.1.3 South Africa
9.1.4 Rest of Middle East and Africa
9.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
9.2.1 6 MM (Diameter Length)
9.2.2 10 MM (Diameter Length)
9.2.3 12 MM (Diameter Length)
9.2.4 16 MM (Diameter Length)
9.2.5 20 MM (Diameter Length)
9.2.6 25 MM (Diameter Length)
9.2.7 32 MM (Diameter Length)
9.2.8 Others
9.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
9.3.1 Bridge
9.3.2 Highway
9.3.3 Seawall
9.3.4 Tunnel
9.3.5 Airport
9.3.6 Factory
9.3.7 Concrete Construction
9.3.8 Others
9.4 Impact of COVID-19 in Europe
10 COMPETITION OF MAJOR PLAYERS
10.1 Brief Introduction of Major Players
10.1.1 Outokumpu
10.1.2 Acerinox
10.1.3 Fusteel Group
10.1.4 Stainless
10.1.5 Tell Steel
10.1.6 DAIDO STEEL
10.1.7 Valbruna Nordic
10.1.8 ANCON
10.1.9 Durinox
10.1.10 H-BAU Technik
10.1.11 Post Road Iron Works
10.1.12 Wills Rebar
10.1.13 Preferred Materials
10.2 Stainless Steel Rebar Sales Date of Major Players (2017-2020e)
10.2.1 Outokumpu
10.2.2 Acerinox
10.2.3 Fusteel Group
10.2.4 Stainless
10.2.5 Tell Steel
10.2.6 DAIDO STEEL
10.2.7 Valbruna Nordic
10.2.8 ANCON
10.2.9 Durinox
10.2.10 H-BAU Technik
10.2.11 Post Road Iron Works
10.2.12 Wills Rebar
10.2.13 Preferred Materials
10.3 Market Distribution of Major Players
10.4 Global Competition Segmentation
11 MARKET FORECAST
11.1 Forecast by Region
11.2 Forecast by Demand
11.3 Environment Forecast
11.3.1 Impact of COVID-19
11.3.2 Geopolitics Overview
11.3.3 Economic Overview of Major Countries
12 REPORT SUMMARY STATEMENT

List of Table
1.Table Stainless Steel Rebar Product Type Overview
2.Table Stainless Steel Rebar Product Type Market Share List
3.Table Stainless Steel Rebar Product Type of Major Players
4.Table Brief Introduction of Outokumpu
5.Table Brief Introduction of Acerinox
6.Table Brief Introduction of Fusteel Group
7.Table Brief Introduction of Stainless
8.Table Brief Introduction of Tell Steel
9.Table Brief Introduction of DAIDO STEEL
10.Table Brief Introduction of Valbruna Nordic
11.Table Brief Introduction of ANCON
12.Table Brief Introduction of Durinox
13.Table Brief Introduction of H-BAU Technik
14.Table Brief Introduction of Post Road Iron Works
15.Table Brief Introduction of Wills Rebar
16.Table Brief Introduction of Preferred Materials
17.Table Products & Services of Outokumpu
18.Table Products & Services of Acerinox
19.Table Products & Services of Fusteel Group
20.Table Products & Services of Stainless
21.Table Products & Services of Tell Steel
22.Table Products & Services of DAIDO STEEL
23.Table Products & Services of Valbruna Nordic
24.Table Products & Services of ANCON
25.Table Products & Services of Durinox
26.Table Products & Services of H-BAU Technik
27.Table Products & Services of Post Road Iron Works
28.Table Products & Services of Wills Rebar
29.Table Products & Services of Preferred Materials
30.Table Market Distribution of Major Players
31.Table Global Major Players Sales Revenue (Million USD) 2017-2020e
32.Table Global Major Players Sales Revenue (Million USD) Share 2017-2020e
33.Table Global Stainless Steel Rebar Market Forecast (Million USD) by Region 2021f-2026f
34.Table Global Stainless Steel Rebar Market Forecast (Million USD) Share by Region 2021f-2026f
35.Table Global Stainless Steel Rebar Market Forecast (Million USD) by Demand 2021f-2026f
36.Table Global Stainless Steel Rebar Market Forecast (Million USD) Share by Demand 2021f-2026f

List of Figure
1.Figure Global Stainless Steel Rebar Market Size under the Impact of COVID-19, 2017-2021f (USD Million)
2.Figure Global Stainless Steel Rebar Market by Region under the Impact of COVID-19, 2017-2021f (USD Million)
3.Figure Global Stainless Steel Rebar Market by Product Type under the Impact of COVID-19, 2017-2021f (USD Million)
4.Figure Global Stainless Steel Rebar Market by Demand under the Impact of COVID-19, 2017-2021f (USD Million)
5.Figure Global Stainless Steel Rebar Production by Region under the Impact of COVID-19, 2021-2026 (USD Million)
6.Figure Global Stainless Steel Rebar Consumption by Region under the Impact of COVID-19, 2021-2026 (USD Million)
7.Figure Global Stainless Steel Rebar Consumption by Type under the Impact of COVID-19, 2021-2026 (USD Million)
8.Figure North America Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
9.Figure Europe Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
10.Figure Asia-Pacific Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
11.Figure South America Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
12.Figure Middle East and Africa Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
13.Figure 6 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
14.Figure 10 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
15.Figure 12 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
16.Figure 16 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
17.Figure 20 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
18.Figure 25 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
19.Figure 32 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
20.Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
21.Figure Bridge Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
22.Figure Highway Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
23.Figure Seawall Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
24.Figure Tunnel Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
25.Figure Airport Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
26.Figure Factory Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
27.Figure Concrete Construction Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
28.Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
29.Figure U.S. Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
30.Figure Canada Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
31.Figure Mexico Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
32.Figure 6 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
33.Figure 10 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
34.Figure 12 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
35.Figure 16 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
36.Figure 20 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
37.Figure 25 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
38.Figure 32 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
39.Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
40.Figure Bridge Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
41.Figure Highway Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
42.Figure Seawall Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
43.Figure Tunnel Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
44.Figure Airport Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
45.Figure Factory Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
46.Figure Concrete Construction Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
47.Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
48.Figure Germany Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
49.Figure UK Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
50.Figure France Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
51.Figure Italy Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
52.Figure Rest of Europe Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
53.Figure 6 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
54.Figure 10 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
55.Figure 12 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
56.Figure 16 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
57.Figure 20 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
58.Figure 25 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
59.Figure 32 MM (Diameter Length) Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
60.Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
61.Figure Bridge Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
62.Figure Highway Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
63.Figure Seawall Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
64.Figure Tunnel Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
65.Figure Airport Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
66.Figure Factory Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
67.Figure Concrete Construction Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
68.Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
69.Figure China Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
70.Figure India Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
71.Figure Japan Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
72.Figure South Korea Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
73.Figure Sou

Choose License Type

Happy To Assist You

Contact Images

We will be happy to help you find what you need. Please call us or write to us:

Frequently Asked Questions

This report incorporates the analysis of factors that augments the market growth. Report presents competitive landscape of the global market. This also provides the scope of different segments and applications that can potentially influence the market in the future. The analysis is based on current market trends and historic growth data. It includes detailed market segmentation, regional analysis, and competitive landscape of the industry.
The report efficiently evaluates the current market size and provides industry forecast. The market was valued at xxx Million US$ in 2019, and is expected to grow at a CAGR of xx% during the period 2020-2027.
The report efficiently evaluates the current market size and provides forecast for the industry in terms of Value (US$ Mn) and Volume (thousand ton / metric ton / cubic meter).
Market is segmented by:
  • Product Types
  • Applications
  • Technology
  • End-use Industries
  • Distribution channel
  • Regions
The report share key insights on the following:
  • Current market size
  • Market forecast
  • Market opportunities
  • Key drivers and restraints
  • Regulatory scenario
  • Industry trend
  • Pestle analysis
  • Porter’s analysis
  • New product approvals/launch
  • Promotion and marketing initiatives
  • Pricing analysis
  • Export-import analysis
  • Trade analysis
  • Competitive landscape
It helps the businesses in making investments decisions.
Customization helps the organization to gain insight on specific segments and regions of interest. Thus, WMR offers tailored report information based on business requirement in order to take strategic calls.
Contact us

mapicon
Sales Office (U.S.):
Worldwide Market Reports, 533 Airport Boulevard, Suite 400, Burlingame, CA 94010, United States

mapicon+1-415-871-0703

mapicon
Asia Pacific Intelligence Center (India):
Worldwide Market Reports, 403, 4th Floor, Bremen Business Center, Aundh, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.

Newsletter

Want us to send you latest updates of the current trends, insights, and more, signup to our newsletter (for alerts, special offers, and discounts).


Secure Payment By:
paymenticon

This website is secured Origin CA certificate on the server, Comodo, Firewall and Verified Sitelock Malware Protection

secureimg

© 2024 Worldwide Market Reports. All Rights Reserved