We have an updated report [Version - 2023] available. Kindly sign up to get the sample of the report.

2021-2027 Global and Regional Cardiac Stimulator Industry Production, Sales and Consumption Status and Prospects Professional Market Research Report Standard Version

The research team projects that the Cardiac Stimulator market size will grow from XXX in 2020 to XXX by 2027, at an estimated CAGR of XX. The base year considered for the study is 2020, and the market size is projected from 2020 to 2027.

The prime objective of this report is to help the user understand the market in terms of its definition, segmentation, market potential, influential trends, and the challenges that the market is facing with 10 major regions and 50 major countries. Deep researches and analysis were done during the preparation of the report. The readers will find this report very helpful in understanding the market in depth. The data and the information regarding the market are taken from reliable sources such as websites, annual reports of the companies, journals, and others and were checked and validated by the industry experts. The facts and data are represented in the report using diagrams, graphs, pie charts, and other pictorial representations. This enhances the visual representation and also helps in understanding the facts much better.

By Market Players:
Lepu Medical Technology
Life Support Systems
Oscor
Osypka Medical
Sorin
Vitatron
Biotronik
Boston Scientific
Braile Biomedica
Cameron Health
GE Healthcare

By Type
Implantable Cardiac Stimulator
External Cardiac Stimulator

By Application
Cardiopath
Heart First Aid
Other

By Regions/Countries:
North America
United States
Canada
Mexico

East Asia
China
Japan
South Korea

Europe
Germany
United Kingdom
France
Italy
Russia
Spain
Netherlands
Switzerland
Poland

South Asia
India
Pakistan
Bangladesh

Southeast Asia
Indonesia
Thailand
Singapore
Malaysia
Philippines
Vietnam
Myanmar

Middle East
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
Iran
United Arab Emirates
Israel
Iraq
Qatar
Kuwait
Oman

Africa
Nigeria
South Africa
Egypt
Algeria
Morocoo

Oceania
Australia
New Zealand

South America
Brazil
Argentina
Colombia
Chile
Venezuela
Peru
Puerto Rico
Ecuador

Rest of the World
Kazakhstan

Points Covered in The Report
The points that are discussed within the report are the major market players that are involved in the market such as market players, raw material suppliers, equipment suppliers, end users, traders, distributors and etc.
The complete profile of the companies is mentioned. And the capacity, production, price, revenue, cost, gross, gross margin, sales volume, sales revenue, consumption, growth rate, import, export, supply, future strategies, and the technological developments that they are making are also included within the report. This report analyzed 12 years data history and forecast.
The growth factors of the market is discussed in detail wherein the different end users of the market are explained in detail.
Data and information by market player, by region, by type, by application and etc, and custom research can be added according to specific requirements.
The report contains the SWOT analysis of the market. Finally, the report contains the conclusion part where the opinions of the industrial experts are included.

Key Reasons to Purchase
To gain insightful analyses of the market and have comprehensive understanding of the global market and its commercial landscape.
Assess the production processes, major issues, and solutions to mitigate the development risk.
To understand the most affecting driving and restraining forces in the market and its impact in the global market.
Learn about the market strategies that are being adopted by leading respective organizations.
To understand the future outlook and prospects for the market.
Besides the standard structure reports, we also provide custom research according to specific requirements.

The report focuses on Global, Top 10 Regions and Top 50 Countries Market Size of Cardiac Stimulator 2016-2021, and development forecast 2022-2027 including industries, major players/suppliers worldwide and market share by regions, with company and product introduction, position in the market including their market status and development trend by types and applications which will provide its price and profit status, and marketing status & market growth drivers and challenges, with base year as 2020.

Key Indicators Analysed
Market Players & Competitor Analysis: The report covers the key players of the industry including Company Profile, Product Specifications, Production Capacity/Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin 2016-2021 & Sales by Product Types.
Global and Regional Market Analysis: The report includes Global & Regional market status and outlook 2022-2027. Further the report provides break down details about each region & countries covered in the report. Identifying its production, consumption, import & export, sales volume & revenue forecast.
Market Analysis by Product Type: The report covers majority Product Types in the Cardiac Stimulator Industry, including its product specifcations by each key player, volume, sales by Volume and Value (M USD).
Markat Analysis by Application Type: Based on the Cardiac Stimulator Industry and its applications, the market is further sub-segmented into several major Application of its industry. It provides you with the market size, CAGR & forecast by each industry applications.
Market Trends: Market key trends which include Increased Competition and Continuous Innovations.
Opportunities and Drivers: Identifying the Growing Demands and New Technology
Porters Five Force Analysis: The report will provide with the state of competition in industry depending on five basic forces: threat of new entrants, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers, threat of substitute products or services, and existing industry rivalry.

COVID-19 Impact
Report covers Impact of Coronavirus COVID-19: Since the COVID-19 virus outbreak in December 2019, the disease has spread to almost every country around the globe with the World Health Organization declaring it a public health emergency. The global impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are already starting to be felt, and will significantly affect the Cardiac Stimulator market in 2021. The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought effects on many aspects, like flight cancellations; travel bans and quarantines; restaurants closed; all indoor/outdoor events restricted; over forty countries state of emergency declared; massive slowing of the supply chain; stock market volatility; falling business confidence, growing panic among the population, and uncertainty about future.

Chapter 1 Industry Overview
1.1 Definition
1.2 Assumptions
1.3 Research Scope
1.4 Market Analysis by Regions
1.4.1 North America Market States and Outlook (2022-2027)
1.4.2 East Asia Market States and Outlook (2022-2027)
1.4.3 Europe Market States and Outlook (2022-2027)
1.4.4 South Asia Market States and Outlook (2022-2027)
1.4.5 Southeast Asia Market States and Outlook (2022-2027)
1.4.6 Middle East Market States and Outlook (2022-2027)
1.4.7 Africa Market States and Outlook (2022-2027)
1.4.8 Oceania Market States and Outlook (2022-2027)
1.4.9 South America Market States and Outlook (2022-2027)
1.5 Global Cardiac Stimulator Market Size Analysis from 2022 to 2027
1.5.1 Global Cardiac Stimulator Market Size Analysis from 2022 to 2027 by Consumption Volume
1.5.2 Global Cardiac Stimulator Market Size Analysis from 2022 to 2027 by Value
1.5.3 Global Cardiac Stimulator Price Trends Analysis from 2022 to 2027
1.6 COVID-19 Outbreak: Cardiac Stimulator Industry Impact
Chapter 2 Global Cardiac Stimulator Competition by Types, Applications, and Top Regions and Countries
2.1 Global Cardiac Stimulator (Volume and Value) by Type
2.1.1 Global Cardiac Stimulator Consumption and Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
2.1.2 Global Cardiac Stimulator Revenue and Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
2.2 Global Cardiac Stimulator (Volume and Value) by Application
2.2.1 Global Cardiac Stimulator Consumption and Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
2.2.2 Global Cardiac Stimulator Revenue and Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
2.3 Global Cardiac Stimulator (Volume and Value) by Regions
2.3.1 Global Cardiac Stimulator Consumption and Market Share by Regions (2016-2021)
2.3.2 Global Cardiac Stimulator Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2016-2021)
Chapter 3 Production Market Analysis
3.1 Global Production Market Analysis
3.1.1 2016-2021 Global Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin Analysis
3.1.2 2016-2021 Major Manufacturers Performance and Market Share
3.2 Regional Production Market Analysis
3.2.1 2016-2021 Regional Market Performance and Market Share
3.2.2 North America Market
3.2.3 East Asia Market
3.2.4 Europe Market
3.2.5 South Asia Market
3.2.6 Southeast Asia Market
3.2.7 Middle East Market
3.2.8 Africa Market
3.2.9 Oceania Market
3.2.10 South America Market
3.2.11 Rest of the World Market
Chapter 4 Global Cardiac Stimulator Sales, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2016-2021)
4.1 Global Cardiac Stimulator Consumption by Regions (2016-2021)
4.2 North America Cardiac Stimulator Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2016-2021)
4.3 East Asia Cardiac Stimulator Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2016-2021)
4.4 Europe Cardiac Stimulator Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2016-2021)
4.5 South Asia Cardiac Stimulator Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2016-2021)
4.6 Southeast Asia Cardiac Stimulator Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2016-2021)
4.7 Middle East Cardiac Stimulator Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2016-2021)
4.8 Africa Cardiac Stimulator Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2016-2021)
4.9 Oceania Cardiac Stimulator Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2016-2021)
4.10 South America Cardiac Stimulator Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2016-2021)
Chapter 5 North America Cardiac Stimulator Market Analysis
5.1 North America Cardiac Stimulator Consumption and Value Analysis
5.1.1 North America Cardiac Stimulator Market Under COVID-19
5.2 North America Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume by Types
5.3 North America Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Structure by Application
5.4 North America Cardiac Stimulator Consumption by Top Countries
5.4.1 United States Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
5.4.2 Canada Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
5.4.3 Mexico Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
Chapter 6 East Asia Cardiac Stimulator Market Analysis
6.1 East Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption and Value Analysis
6.1.1 East Asia Cardiac Stimulator Market Under COVID-19
6.2 East Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume by Types
6.3 East Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Structure by Application
6.4 East Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption by Top Countries
6.4.1 China Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
6.4.2 Japan Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
6.4.3 South Korea Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
Chapter 7 Europe Cardiac Stimulator Market Analysis
7.1 Europe Cardiac Stimulator Consumption and Value Analysis
7.1.1 Europe Cardiac Stimulator Market Under COVID-19
7.2 Europe Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume by Types
7.3 Europe Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Structure by Application
7.4 Europe Cardiac Stimulator Consumption by Top Countries
7.4.1 Germany Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
7.4.2 UK Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
7.4.3 France Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
7.4.4 Italy Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
7.4.5 Russia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
7.4.6 Spain Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
7.4.7 Netherlands Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
7.4.8 Switzerland Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
7.4.9 Poland Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
Chapter 8 South Asia Cardiac Stimulator Market Analysis
8.1 South Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption and Value Analysis
8.1.1 South Asia Cardiac Stimulator Market Under COVID-19
8.2 South Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume by Types
8.3 South Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Structure by Application
8.4 South Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption by Top Countries
8.4.1 India Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
8.4.2 Pakistan Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
8.4.3 Bangladesh Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
Chapter 9 Southeast Asia Cardiac Stimulator Market Analysis
9.1 Southeast Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption and Value Analysis
9.1.1 Southeast Asia Cardiac Stimulator Market Under COVID-19
9.2 Southeast Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume by Types
9.3 Southeast Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Structure by Application
9.4 Southeast Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption by Top Countries
9.4.1 Indonesia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
9.4.2 Thailand Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
9.4.3 Singapore Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
9.4.4 Malaysia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
9.4.5 Philippines Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
9.4.6 Vietnam Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
9.4.7 Myanmar Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
Chapter 10 Middle East Cardiac Stimulator Market Analysis
10.1 Middle East Cardiac Stimulator Consumption and Value Analysis
10.1.1 Middle East Cardiac Stimulator Market Under COVID-19
10.2 Middle East Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume by Types
10.3 Middle East Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Structure by Application
10.4 Middle East Cardiac Stimulator Consumption by Top Countries
10.4.1 Turkey Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
10.4.2 Saudi Arabia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
10.4.3 Iran Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
10.4.4 United Arab Emirates Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
10.4.5 Israel Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
10.4.6 Iraq Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
10.4.7 Qatar Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
10.4.8 Kuwait Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
10.4.9 Oman Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
Chapter 11 Africa Cardiac Stimulator Market Analysis
11.1 Africa Cardiac Stimulator Consumption and Value Analysis
11.1.1 Africa Cardiac Stimulator Market Under COVID-19
11.2 Africa Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume by Types
11.3 Africa Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Structure by Application
11.4 Africa Cardiac Stimulator Consumption by Top Countries
11.4.1 Nigeria Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
11.4.2 South Africa Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
11.4.3 Egypt Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
11.4.4 Algeria Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
11.4.5 Morocco Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
Chapter 12 Oceania Cardiac Stimulator Market Analysis
12.1 Oceania Cardiac Stimulator Consumption and Value Analysis
12.2 Oceania Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume by Types
12.3 Oceania Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Structure by Application
12.4 Oceania Cardiac Stimulator Consumption by Top Countries
12.4.1 Australia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
12.4.2 New Zealand Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
Chapter 13 South America Cardiac Stimulator Market Analysis
13.1 South America Cardiac Stimulator Consumption and Value Analysis
13.1.1 South America Cardiac Stimulator Market Under COVID-19
13.2 South America Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume by Types
13.3 South America Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Structure by Application
13.4 South America Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume by Major Countries
13.4.1 Brazil Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
13.4.2 Argentina Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
13.4.3 Columbia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
13.4.4 Chile Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
13.4.5 Venezuela Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
13.4.6 Peru Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
13.4.7 Puerto Rico Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
13.4.8 Ecuador Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume from 2016 to 2021
Chapter 14 Company Profiles and Key Figures in Cardiac Stimulator Business
14.1 Lepu Medical Technology
14.1.1 Lepu Medical Technology Company Profile
14.1.2 Lepu Medical Technology Cardiac Stimulator Product Specification
14.1.3 Lepu Medical Technology Cardiac Stimulator Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
14.2 Life Support Systems
14.2.1 Life Support Systems Company Profile
14.2.2 Life Support Systems Cardiac Stimulator Product Specification
14.2.3 Life Support Systems Cardiac Stimulator Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
14.3 Oscor
14.3.1 Oscor Company Profile
14.3.2 Oscor Cardiac Stimulator Product Specification
14.3.3 Oscor Cardiac Stimulator Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
14.4 Osypka Medical
14.4.1 Osypka Medical Company Profile
14.4.2 Osypka Medical Cardiac Stimulator Product Specification
14.4.3 Osypka Medical Cardiac Stimulator Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
14.5 Sorin
14.5.1 Sorin Company Profile
14.5.2 Sorin Cardiac Stimulator Product Specification
14.5.3 Sorin Cardiac Stimulator Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
14.6 Vitatron
14.6.1 Vitatron Company Profile
14.6.2 Vitatron Cardiac Stimulator Product Specification
14.6.3 Vitatron Cardiac Stimulator Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
14.7 Biotronik
14.7.1 Biotronik Company Profile
14.7.2 Biotronik Cardiac Stimulator Product Specification
14.7.3 Biotronik Cardiac Stimulator Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
14.8 Boston Scientific
14.8.1 Boston Scientific Company Profile
14.8.2 Boston Scientific Cardiac Stimulator Product Specification
14.8.3 Boston Scientific Cardiac Stimulator Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
14.9 Braile Biomedica
14.9.1 Braile Biomedica Company Profile
14.9.2 Braile Biomedica Cardiac Stimulator Product Specification
14.9.3 Braile Biomedica Cardiac Stimulator Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
14.10 Cameron Health
14.10.1 Cameron Health Company Profile
14.10.2 Cameron Health Cardiac Stimulator Product Specification
14.10.3 Cameron Health Cardiac Stimulator Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
14.11 GE Healthcare
14.11.1 GE Healthcare Company Profile
14.11.2 GE Healthcare Cardiac Stimulator Product Specification
14.11.3 GE Healthcare Cardiac Stimulator Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Chapter 15 Global Cardiac Stimulator Market Forecast (2022-2027)
15.1 Global Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume, Revenue and Price Forecast (2022-2027)
15.1.1 Global Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
15.1.2 Global Cardiac Stimulator Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
15.2 Global Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume, Value and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
15.2.1 Global Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume and Growth Rate Forecast by Regions (2022-2027)
15.2.2 Global Cardiac Stimulator Value and Growth Rate Forecast by Regions (2022-2027)
15.2.3 North America Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
15.2.4 East Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
15.2.5 Europe Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
15.2.6 South Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
15.2.7 Southeast Asia Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
15.2.8 Middle East Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
15.2.9 Africa Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
15.2.10 Oceania Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
15.2.11 South America Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
15.3 Global Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
15.3.1 Global Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
15.3.2 Global Cardiac Stimulator Revenue Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
15.3.3 Global Cardiac Stimulator Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
15.4 Global Cardiac Stimulator Consumption Volume Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
15.5 Cardiac Stimulator Market Forecast Under COVID-19
Chapter 16 Conclusions
Research Methodology

Choose License Type

Happy To Assist You

Contact Images

We will be happy to help you find what you need. Please call us or write to us:

Frequently Asked Questions

This report incorporates the analysis of factors that augments the market growth. Report presents competitive landscape of the global market. This also provides the scope of different segments and applications that can potentially influence the market in the future. The analysis is based on current market trends and historic growth data. It includes detailed market segmentation, regional analysis, and competitive landscape of the industry.
The report efficiently evaluates the current market size and provides industry forecast. The market was valued at xxx Million US$ in 2019, and is expected to grow at a CAGR of xx% during the period 2020-2027.
The report efficiently evaluates the current market size and provides forecast for the industry in terms of Value (US$ Mn) and Volume (Thousands Units).
Market is segmented by:
  • Product Types
  • Drug Class
  • Indication
  • Applications
  • Services Types
  • End-users
  • Distribution channel
  • Regions
The report share key insights on the following:
  • Current market size
  • Market forecast
  • Market opportunities
  • Key drivers
  • Restraints
  • Pipeline Analysis
  • Incidence Rate
  • Epidemiology Analysis
  • Prevalence rate
  • Regulatory scenario
  • Industry trend
  • Pestle Analysis
  • Porter’s Analysis
  • New product approvals/launch
  • Promotion and marketing initiatives
  • Pricing analysis
  • Export-import analysis
  • Trade analysis
  • Competitive landscape
It helps the businesses in making investments decisions.
Customization helps the organization to gain insight on specific segments and regions of interest. Thus, WMR offers tailored report information based on business requirement in order to take strategic calls.
Contact us

mapicon
Sales Office (U.S.):
Worldwide Market Reports, 533 Airport Boulevard, Suite 400, Burlingame, CA 94010, United States

mapicon+1-415-871-0703

mapicon
Asia Pacific Intelligence Center (India):
Worldwide Market Reports, 403, 4th Floor, Bremen Business Center, Aundh, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.

Newsletter

Want us to send you latest updates of the current trends, insights, and more, signup to our newsletter (for alerts, special offers, and discounts).


Secure Payment By:
paymenticon

This website is secured Origin CA certificate on the server, Comodo, Firewall and Verified Sitelock Malware Protection

secureimg

© 2024 Worldwide Market Reports. All Rights Reserved